美国务卿克里专文阐述对亚太政策

（VOA）华盛顿 — 美国国务卿克里星期五(10月18日)在洛杉矶时报发表专文，阐述美国对亚太政策。克里指出，美国必须继续和亚太盟国合作，共同处理挑战，包括找到能够说服朝鲜遵守国际承诺的外交渠道，以及达成一个明确的南中国海行为准则，确保海上航行自由与安全。

• 美国务卿克里专文阐述对亚太政策

克里国务卿强调美国继续致力和亚太地区交往的重要性。他列出美国在这个地区所面临的挑战，包括朝鲜问题、海上安全、网络安全、以及人权，此外，美国通过跨太平洋伙伴关系协议拓展对外经贸，至关重要。

*找到外交渠道说服朝鲜去核化*

在朝鲜问题上，克里说，美国的挑战是找到外交渠道(finding the diplomatic means)，说服朝鲜遵守去核化的国际承诺。为了解决这个棘手的难题，他和国防部长哈格尔在10月3日与日本签署历史性的协议，深化双边同盟关系，共同处理朝鲜威胁以及确保海上安全。

根据这个协议，美国将在日本部署一个新的导弹防御雷达站，并且在太平洋区域部署无人侦察机。

美国国务院发言人莎琪星期三(10月16日)在例行简报中重申美国立场。

莎琪说：“我们的立场并无改变，克里国务卿最近在亚洲访问期间也曾经谈到这个问题。朝鲜必须遵守国际义务，包括2005年六方会谈的919共同声明。球在朝鲜那一边，如果他们采取可以核实的步骤，迈向非核化，那么我们可以讨论重启对话的可能性。”

*明确行为准则确保海上安全、航行自由*

对于南中国海的岛屿主权争端，克里国务卿在文章中指出，必须维护亚太地区的海道安全，以确保自由航行以及自由的海上商务活动。东盟国家一致认为有必要达成一个明确的行为准则，避免南中国海问题升高紧张局势，导致沟通不良，或者产生误判。

跟随克里国务卿出访的美国高层官员说，东盟10国一致认为，目前各国正在谈判的、一个具有约束力的南中国海问题行为准则，不能取代几年前所达成的“南海各方行为宣言”。简单来说，行为准则是为了履行行为宣言的精神。

*今年年底完成TPP谈判*

克里国务卿在出席亚太经合组织会议期间说，亚太地区是美国重要的出口市场，有超过一半的美国产品出口到亚太地区。他还强调，美国将通过跨太平洋伙伴关系协定(Trans-Pacific Partnership, TPP)，促进美国经济增长。

美国国务卿克里(美国国务院照片)

克里说：“跨太平洋伙伴关系启动整个亚太地区的投资和创业浪潮，有助于促进美国的经济增长、以及就业机会。”

尽管美国跨国企业如沃尔玛(Wal-mart)、联邦快递(FedEx)等，都担心奥巴马政府为了赶在年底完成跨太平洋伙伴关系协定(Trans-Pacific Partnership, TPP)谈判，而削弱协定的效果，克里国务卿说，12个成员国再度确立在今年年底前完成谈判的目标。目前有待解决的较敏感问题包括知识产权、国营企业和环保问题。

*美国与亚太地区全面能源伙伴关系*

近几年来，共同处理气候变化问题成为美中、美国与亚太交往的新亮点。美国与亚太地区全面能源伙伴关系(US-Asia Pacific Comprehensive Energy Partnership)最近纳入新的成员国--新加坡。克里在印尼访问期间也和当地渔民见面，了解美国研究员如何协助印尼渔民建构可持续性发展的渔业。

【附录】

OP-ED

John Kerry on forging a Pacific future

At a time when some Americans would like to pull back, it's important we work together globally to meet an array of challenges.

Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, center, speaks as U.S. Defense Secretary Chuck Hagel, left, U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, second from left, Japanese Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida, second from right, and Japanese Defense Minister Itsunori Onodera listen during their meeting at the prime minister's official residence in Tokyo. (Koji Sasahara / Associated Press / October 3, 2013)

By John F. Kerry

October 18, 2013

After three trips to Asia as secretary of State, I am more convinced than ever that, as a Pacific power, the United States must continue to forge a Pacific future. But building that future means confronting challenges that require cooperation with our allies and perseverance with our adversaries.

Some of those challenges are related directly to our national security. We must work with Japan, South Korea and others to address the threat posed by a nuclear-armed North Korea and the growing dangers of cyber espionage. We must cooperate with countries across the Asia-Pacific region to peacefully resolve rising territorial differences in the South China Sea. And we need to develop trade relationships that open these robust economies to more American goods and services.

At a time when some Americans would like to pull back from engagement abroad, it's never been more important to work together globally to meet an array of challenges.

Unfortunately, I left for Asia earlier this month under the shadow of the government shutdown here at home. The transient difficulties in Washington, and the fact that those polarizing politics kept President Obama at home, did not diminish the recognition among the leaders with whom I spoke that the United States has a vital role to play in supporting peace and prosperity across the region.

Indeed, over the course of two weeks and four countries, I saw firsthand the depth of U.S. engagement, starting with enhancing the security architecture that we established decades ago and concluding with progress on an economic partnership that will yield lasting benefits for American workers in the decades to come.

Still, there are obstacles. One of them is finding the diplomatic means to persuade North Korea to live up to international norms. As part of solving that vexing riddle, Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel and I signed a historic agreement with our counterparts in Japan on Oct. 3 that strengthens our deep alliance. It commits the two countries to working together to confront the threat posed by North Korea, as well as emerging dangers such as maritime security and cyber espionage.

Another challenge is keeping the region's sea lanes secure for freedom of commerce and navigation. A few days after signing the security pact with Japan, the United States joined more than a dozen allies at the Assn. of Southeast Asian Nations in Brunei to present a united front in developing a clear code of conduct to prevent miscommunication and miscalculation at a time of rising tensions in the South China Sea and other vital waterways.

Stability and prosperity require more than security. A shared commitment to economic growth and innovation is part of why the Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement is a cornerstone of the president's economic policy in Asia. This partnership will drive growth and create jobs across the Asia-Pacific region and the United States.

In Bali, Indonesia, we made real progress on reaching agreement among a dozen countries representing 40% of the world's economy. Over several days of high-level talks, we narrowed differences and reaffirmed the objective of concluding negotiations on the Trans-Pacific Partnership by the end of the year.

There are still issues to be resolved, but moving forward is essential. This free-trade agreement will support American jobs and investments by expanding access to markets for goods and services in a region of robust economic growth, setting high labor and environmental standards and protecting intellectual property rights.

The region is poised for economic growth, but that growth must be smart and sustainable. As the planet's biggest consumers of energy and emitters of greenhouse gases, the nations of the region — including our own — have an enormous responsibility to lead a transformation that puts us on a path toward sustainability.

There are positive signs in that regard. At a port in Indonesia, I met fishermen who are working with researchers in the United States to build sustainable fisheries. Putting climate and clean energy issues at the top of our agenda has led to real breakthroughs. Singapore is the latest nation to join the U.S.-Asia Pacific Comprehensive Energy Partnership, where we are helping to bring clean energy to many of the 387 million people in Asia without power.

We are also opening a regional center for Asia-Pacific Clean Energy in Bangkok, Thailand, to create opportunities for American companies and to facilitate investment in this vital sector.

Sensitive regional issues remain, including the substantial challenges that some of the countries face in protecting human rights. But working through our differences openly and candidly, and signaling our continuing commitment to the Asia-Pacific region, brings our goals within reach.

The rebalancing of our foreign policy priorities in Asia is neither a work completed nor an effort interrupted. It is a daily march of progress to be measured in miles and years, not yards and days. But the march is underway, and America and Asia are stronger because of it.

John F. Kerry is the U.S. secretary of State.

（http://www.latimes.com/opinion/commentary/la-oe-kerry-asia-20131018,0,13919.story）